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The 2014 death of Mohammed Burhanuddin who was the 52nd Dā'ī al-Mutlaq of the Dawoodi Bohra - a sect within Shia Islam, sparked a succession crisis where two rival claimants emerged for the title of 53rd Dā'ī al-Mutlaq: his son, Mufaddal Saifuddin, and his half-brother, Khuzaima Qutbuddin, who was previously ''mazoon'' (Associate, next to the Dā'ī) of the Dawoodi Bohra.〔 After Burhanuddin suffered a stroke in June 2011 in London, a ceremony was conducted to declare Mufaddal Saifuddin as his successor while the Syedna suffered cerebral stroke and was not in position to speak nor move on his own.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-claimant-to-syedna-seat-declares-official-challenge-1968682 )〕 The Dawoodi Bohra community was reported about the succession by Mufaddal's brothers,〔http://gulfnews.com/news/world/india/profile-of-syedna-mufaddal-saifuddin-1.1279387, 'With prayers and quiet celebrations at home, the Dawoodi Bohra community had welcomed their community leader’s choice of Mufaddal Saifuddin as his successor'〕 a group formed in 2013 in support of Burhanuddin's half-brother Khuzaima Qutbuddin, who was Mazoon, serving second under Dai al Mutlaq. Khuzaima has denied formation of any separate sect by publishing a public affidavit. After the Syedna's death in January 2014, Mufaddal took up the office, claiming to have been appointed successor after the Dā'ī al-Mutlaq had suffered a stroke in 2011.〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/Bohras-protest-Syednas-half-brothers-claim/articleshow/29391867.cms )〕 Khuzaima Qutubuddin also took office as the 53rd Dā'ī of Dawoodi Bohras with two headquarters, the primary being in Darus Sakina in Thane and the other in Saifee Mahal where Mufaddal resides.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Commencement of Legal Action by His Holiness Syedna Khuzaima Qutbuddin TUS, being the 53rd Dai al-Mutlaq and Head of the Dawoodi Bohra Community Against The False Claimant Shehzada Mufaddal Saifuddin: For Truth, Justice and Future of the Dawoodi Bohra Community )〕 Qutbuddin, claiming to have been appointed heir 50 years earlier in secrecy,〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mumbai/talk-of-rift-among-bohras-over-syedna-s-successor/article1-1044475.aspx )〕 challenged Mufaddal's right to be Dai in court.〔http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-claimant-to-syedna-seat-declares-official-challenge-1968682, 'but this has been challenged by Khuzaima'〕 The faction belonging to Mufaddal Saifuddin supports Mufaddal Saifuddin as the Dā'ī, whose faction have excommunicated Qutbuddin and his followers. However, there is no official confirmation from Dawoodi Bohra community on the alleged ex-communication and the progressive members have called a ban on this practice citing it as illegal.〔http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-social-boycott-of-khuzaima-qutbuddin-oppressive-say-progressive-bohras-seeking-its-complete-ban-1955460〕 ==Background== Burhanuddin did not publicly declare any successor as late as 2011 and there were fights between rival factions among Burhanuddin's several brothers and sons to succeed him as head of the vast empire he controls.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bohra dissenters challenge oppressive priesthood )〕 The rift between the two claimants started to appear even before the death of Burhanuddin, with followers of Khuzaima Qutbuddin rallying support for Khuzaima. and that the claimants were vying for the coveted position since decades. Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin suffered a stroke in a London hospital on 1 June 2011. Subsequently on 4 June 2011 Mufaddal Saifuddin was proclaimed by his brothers as the successor in the Hospital itself while the Syedna could not speak or move. A ceremony was arranged in Mumbai, weeks after while the Syedna was still in full debilitating stroke coupled with mental deficits.〔 The medical review report explicitly ruled out the possibility of the Syedna having any ability to coherently speak or move〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Successor to Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin named )〕 Muffadal Saifuddin's succession has not been accepted by Khuzaima Qutbuddin, the second in command to Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin, who claimed the title of the 53rd Dā'ī l-Muṭlaq of the Dawoodi Bohras. Khuzaima Qutbuddin claims that Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin performed nass on him 49 years ago', a ritual during which he appointed him as his successor in private. He and his sons based on a medical review report claims that 'the succession was not done in London Hospital' as Mohammad Burhanuddin suffered from a 'full stroke at the age of 100 that made it difficult for him to write, speak, or move'. Regarding pronouncement of succession at London Hospital, a report 〔 by Daniel Mankens, chairman of Neurology Beaumont Hospital, Michigan reviews that 'It is inconceivable that someone his age and with neurological deficits would have such a profound, yet transient recovery.' Mankens further said that 'family members usually report even the slightest improvement to medical staff. It surprises me that such an event would not be documented in the medical record, much less reported to the medical staff.' The former Chief Justice of India, AM Ahmadi, in his personal stand, also upheld the validity of Khuzaima Qutbuddin as the rightful successor.() Mufaddal's elder brother Qaid Johar has stated that "nass was performed on Mufaddal not once but a number of times".〔http://www.one.in/dnaindia-mumbai/bohras-make-anti-syedna-faction%E2%80%99s-ex-communication-official-stick-by-mufaddal-saifuddin-1153595.html, dnaindia-mumbai, bohras-make-anti-syedna-faction-ex-communication-official-stick-by-mufaddal-saifuddin, Welcoming the crowd, Qaidjoher(First son of late Syedna) said: "...People have tried to break our unity but we should stand united for each other." He added, ...Nass was performed on Mufaddal not once but a number of times."〕 As per court proceedings also, Qutbuddin's lawyer pointed out that Saifuddin's earlier pleading of succession was only referring the pronouncement done in year 2011 at London hospital, but after demise of late Syedna, now the case is put up in different way and now it refers that pronouncements were 'made in 1969, 1994 and 2005 and only reconfirmation was done in 2011'." Aside from being a theological issue of rightful succession, the conflict has been characterized as pitting two visions of modern Islam against other, including views on "the status of women () the use and benefit of technology and social media".〔 In this view, "Khuzaima Qutbuddin is perceived to be a moderate liberal with a focus on humanistic aspects of Islam; Mufaddal Saifuddin is seen as a right-wing radical with hardline views on gender and educational access for women".〔 Such a situation was initiated in 1591 when the 26th Syedna – Dawood Burhanuddin – died. A spat broke out between the two claimants and a case was filed at the Royal Court of Akbar by the claimant Dawood travelling all the way to Delhi from Gujarat while Sulaiman stayed put in Gujarat. The Mughal court declared that Dawood bin Qutubshah as the new Syedna but the other claimant Sulaiman bin Hasan eventually split into what is now known as Sulaymani Bohra.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Unique case: From Akbar’s court in 1591 to Bombay HC )〕 Later a deputy leader in Yemen and Grandson of a previous Dai discovered documents showing that Sulaiman bin Hasan was the official successor with the seal of the previous Dai on the document, this was later rejected by Dawoodis claiming forgery〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「53rd Syedna succession controversy (Dawoodi Bohra)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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